Hat-frame drier.



APPLICATION FILED 1AN.11. 1915.

In Ven tor:

Attest.-

@m/,0 f by www 71W Atty COLUMBIA PLANouRAPl-x 1:0.. WASHINGTON. n. cA

NAOMI FORCE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HAT-FRAME DRIER.

ASpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 16, 1915.

Application filed January 11, 1915. Serial No. 1,653.

" To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, NAOMI FORCE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hat-Frame Driers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates broadly to dehydrating apparatus. The present main contemplation thereof is to provide a simple and inexpensive embodiment adapted primarily for advantageous utilization in connection with the expeditious, efficient and economical drying of hat-forms particularly of the type built up of a plurality of strands of straw, fiber or the like which have preliminarily been woven, intertwined, twisted or compressed to establish simply a hatbrim and not a crown-and-brim structure.

- This embodiment is designed,however, to

be effectively used even for drying a structure of the kind last-mentioned, it should at this point be stated, as will appear clearly hereinafter. The ultimate essence of the invention, then, may here at the very outset be indicated by reference to the' presence of the frustoconical wall 4, this making for the efficiency and economy aforesaidf-and the coperant presence of the wire-net roof, this last, in the light of the fact that said wall is preferably part of an integral, generally bowl-like heat-collecting member 3, making for the expedition, simplicity and inexpensiveness aforesaid.

An object of the inventionV which may also be now specifically mentioned is the provision of an improved portable device.

of the above type.

Other objects and aims of the invention, more or less broad than those stated above, together with the advantages inherent, will be in part obvious and in part. specifically referred to in the course of the following description of the elements, combinations, arrangements of parts and applications of principles constituting the invention; and the scope of protection contemplated will appear from the claims.

In the accompanying drawing, which is vto be taken as a part of. this invention, and wherein is shown one of the various possible embodiments of the invention, as at present preferred:

Figure'l is a top plan View of said embodiment; and Fig. 21S a vertical sectional view thereof, taken on the line A-A or on the line B-B of Fig. 1; the inverted deflector-cone and its preferably present sheathing of asbestos or the like being partially broken away in both figures the better p qlecting 4vessel having an inverted frustoconical side-wall 4 provided preferably with an upwardly centrally dished bottom -wall 5 as shown to establish below the dish what may be termed a flame-'chamber or cupola 6 adapted to have its under curved surface or ceiling 7 function endothermically when the flame-chamber is housing or placed in proper relation to a suitable heating source, as the flame 8 from a gas-jet 9.

It will be noticed in the present embodiment that the arched floor surface 10 (see Fig. 2), substantially paralleling ceiling 7 may be said to consist, in any axial section, of a pair of substantially similar lines each of which is substantially at right angles' with the adjacent line 11 that is defined by the cutting plane for said section. These lines first-mentioned would, in the case of the present embodiment, be spaced apart by the presence of the upstanding socket 12.

The outer surface of wall 4 is preferably sheathed by a permanently attached sleeve 13 of some heat-deflecting material, as asbestos or the like, as shown.

The upper annular surface 14 of member 3 in the present instance is vertically drilled, for the forced-fit (see Fig. 2) accommodation of a plurality of pins 15, at equidistant points (Fig. 1) There are here eight of these drillings and pins, that pin additionally numbered 15 in Fig. 1 being broken away in that figure the better to indicate the manner in which each of the wire struts 16 is at its outer terminus coiled about the shank of its pin 15. As best shown in Fig. 2, each of these struts is in the main L-shaped, the stem of the L lying horizontally, and said stem medially thereof having wound thereabout a coil 17 formed in a wire ring 18, the junction 19 between the said stem and the upstanding foot of the L. being itself wound about a smaller Wire ring 20, and the free terminus of said foot being formed into a coil 2l that is Wound abouta Wire ring 22 similar to Wire ring 20. The structure thus established Will be hereinafter referred `to as the centering means for a hat-brim.

The reference numeral 23 represents an inverted conical. member, preferably drawn or spun of some thin sheet metal in the aid of economy, and, having its outer surface preferably sheathed by a permanently attached slee-ve 24 of some suitable heat-.deiecting matter, as asbestos or the like, as shown, constituting a heat-de'llector adapted for convenient and instantaneous removal from the remainder of the embodiment. lt is preferably maintained in place as illustrated, by `the action of grav-ity, its inverted apex nesting With socket 12.

The operation of this embodiment Kof the invention should be largely obvious,-ei\ther with the member 23 associated'.therewith, in which .event the embodiment is preferably employed .to dry a hat-brim merely, or with said member 23 `removed, in Which event the embodiment is preferably employed .to dry a .brimeand-crovvn hat. 1 f

But before vpointing out someof the drying-.elliciency characteristics of thisembodiment, ,it should be noted that the preferably cast-metal member 3, and the sleeve 13 of asbestos or the like, are not illustrated as drawn to correlative scales, for this is a. matter A.of `experiment and calculation with Which neither the invention nor thisembodiment is concerned, it being sufficient here merely 'to state that the Walls .of member 3 are `Lpreferably of such uniform thickness throughout or of such varying characterisn vtics at l,different places as Will best cause :the

same zto absorb the `maximum `of heat delivered from flame 8 and then to radiate all or lmoet of such absorbed heat into the interior of the member 3.

It is clear that the yroof of the yflame-.chamber \6 will, especially if the jet 9 fbeso adjusted that the flame 8 spreads itself uniformly over the ceiling 7, absorb practically all of the heat generated from said vflame; this being due to the Well-known .flaw of `thermal equilibrium. It is just as clear :that all of :this absorbed heat, due -to :the law lastmentioned and to the law of absorption and radiation, will be delivered into the interior of member 3. And non7 the upwardly flaring :Wall ,4 ,performs an important .function in causing a uniform ascent of heated air into :the ,uppermost zone of said interior of member 3; this Wall 4 establishing a .diimiusing stream-line or stream-slope -for the rising heat-Waves, the contemplated result being materiallyaided by `the'fact that the arched floor surface 10 here lies as described inthe sixth preceding paragraph. d

,Let'ussayithat it isdesired to drya vtstraw hat-brim, for, due to the presence of the sleeve "24..on the conical. mem-ber 23, none .of said heat-Waves ever reach the latter lto be absorbed thereby and then radiated f0.1` `-escape from the interior thereof. Nexta'the heat-Waves that k.radiate from socket-adjacent 1portions'of the arched floor surface 10 rise toward sleeve 24C to be .reflected `therefrom toward the hat-brim. ,Again, all heat that is ,absorbed by socketV l2 must seek emergence ltherefrom away from flame .8,

and this hea-t, deflected by sleeve 2e, must rise ,in-the annular space tlocated .between the members 3 ,and 423.

Let ,us say, however, .that it is desired to dry .a stra7 `brim-and-crown hat. The conical member -28 is in `such a case preferably removed .from association with the v`rest rof the embodiment. The yhat is laidatop .the Wire-net roo-f, .the Acrown encompassing and accommodating therein .the centering means carried .by said roof. The result is v.that practically .all .the 'heat generated by flame 8 becomes. `transformed into ascending Waves all o f which must .pass through the interst-ices of .the hatand .thoroughly and quickly dry .the same.

lnasmuch as many changes .could be .made

in the above construction, and many ap-.

parently xvidelydift'erent ,embodiments 4of my invention could be made Without ,departing from the 'scopethereoh it isintendedjthat all matter contained in the above .description or shown in .the ,accompanying .drawiiigpshall be interpreted as illustrative and .not a limiting sense.

.lt is also .-to `be :understood that :the language .used in .the following claims is intended ;to `cover .all :the generic and specific features of .the invention .herein .described and .all .statements .of ,the scope :of the `invention which, asa matter oflanguage, might be `said -to fall .therebetween t Having xdescribed .this invention, What I claim as new, anddesire to .secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. In .a 4device of @the class described, a heat 4Vcollecting chamber having lan opening in its top, -said chamber :having a vside-Wall that defines the frustum of an invertedcone, the :floor Wall of said chamber. being up- Wardly centrally dshed whereby the tsame establishes therebelow a chamber into which may be directed an upwardly extending iiame, in combinationr with a wire-net roof for said chamber adapted to be attached thereto to form a support for theV article to be dried, said roof having formed therein a substantially central opening encompassed by an upstanding collar.

2. In a device of the class described, a heat collecting chamber having an opening in its top, said chamber having a side-wall that defines the frustum of an inverted cone, the Hoor-wall of said chamber being upwardly centrally dished, whereby the same establishes therebelow a chamber into which may be directed an upwardly extending flame, in combination with a wire-net roof for said chamber adapted to be attached thereto to form a support for the article to be dried, the outer surface of said side-wall being sleeved by asbestos or other suitable heat-resisting material.

8. ln a device of the class described, a

heat collecting chamber having an opening in its top, said chamber having a side-Wall that defines the frustum of an inverted cone, in combination with a wire-net roof for said chamber adapted to be attached thereto to form a support for the article to be dried, and with an inverted conical heat-deflector centrally supported within said chamber and extending from the top to the bottom thereof.

l. In a device of the class described, a heat collecting chamber having an opening in its top, said chamber having a side-wall that defines the lfrustum of an inverted cone, in combination with a wire-net roof for said chamber adapted to be attached thereto to form a support for the article to be dried, and with an inverted conical heat-deflector centrally supported within said chamber and extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said member including a conical portion and a base-flange, the side-wall and apex of said portion being incased in a conical sheath of asbestos or other suitable heat-resisting material.

5. In a device of the class described, a heat collecting chamber having an opening in its top, said chamber having a side-wall that denes the frustum of an inverted cone, the floor-wall of said chamber being upwardly centrally dished whereby the same establishes therebelow a chamber into which may be directed an upwardly extending flame, in combination with a wire-net roof for said chamber adapted to be attached thereto to form a support for the article to be dried, and with an inverted conical heatdeiiector centrally supported within said chamber and extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said deflector including a conical portion and a base-flange, the sidewall and apex of said portion being incased ina conical sheath of asbestos or other suitable heat-resisting material.

6. In a device of the class described, a heat collecting chamber having an opening in its top, said chamber having a side-wall that defines the frustum of an inverted cone, in combination with a wire-net roof for said chamber adapted to be attached thereto to form a support for the article to be dried, and with an inverted conical heatdeflector centrally supported within said chamber and extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said deflector including a conical portion and a base-flange, the sidewall and apex of said portion being incased in a conical sheath of asbestos or other suitable heat-resisting material, the floor wall of said chamber carrying substantially centrally thereof a socket within which the apex of said sheath may be by gravity settled.

7. In a device of the class described, a heat collecting chamber having an opening in its top, said chamber having a side-wall that defines the frustum of an inverted cone, in combination with a wire-net roof for said chamber adapted to be attached thereto to form a support for the article to be dried, said roof having formed therein a substantially central opening encompassed by an upstanding collar, and with an inverted conical heat-deflector centrally supported within said chamber and extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said deflector including a conical portion and a baseflange, the side-wall and apex of said portion beingincased in a conical sheath of asbestos or other suitable heat-resisting material, the floor wall of said chamber carrying substantially centrally thereof a socket within which the apex of said sheath may be by gravity settled, thereby to center said deflector when its base-fiange rests upon said collar.

8. In a device of the class described, a heat collecting chamber having an opening in its top, said chamber having a side-wall that defines the frustum of an inverted cone, the floor-wall of said chamber being upwardly centrally dished whereby the same establishes therebelow a chamber into which may be directed an upwardly extending flame, in combination with a wire-net roof for said chamber adapted to be attached thereto to form a support for the article to be dried, and with an inverted conical heat-deflector centrally supported within said chamber and extending from the top to the bottom thereof.

9. In a device of the class described, a heat collecting chamber having an opening in its top, said chamber having a side-wall that defines the frustum of an inverted cone, the floor-wall of said chamber being upwardly centrally dished whereby the same establishes therebelow alchamber into which may be directed an iupwardly extending iame, in combination with a wire-net roof for said chamber adapted to be attached thereto to form a support for the article t0 be dried, and with an inverted conical heatdeflector `centrally supported within said chamber and extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said defectorbeing sheathed ineen-qs by'a vconical-sleeve .of asbestos or other suit- 10 able fheatresisting material.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 23 day of December A. D. 1914:.

NAOMI FORCE. `Witnesses:

A. M. HENRY, LOUIS FREUDENBERG.

Gopies @of -ths patent may be obtainegfor five cents eachbbyaddressing the Commissioner of Patents,

ashington, C. 

